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How the Associated Press analyzed health risks from factory pollution

The Associated Press analyzed the health risk posed by industrial air pollution using data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Census Bureau.

EPA uses toxic chemical air releases reported by factories to calculate a health-risk score for each square kilometer of the United States. The scores can be used to compare risks from long-term exposure to factory pollution from one area to another.

The scores are based on:

  • The amount of toxic pollution released by each factory.

  • The path the pollution takes as it spreads through the air.

  • The level of danger to humans posed by each different chemical released.

  • The number of males and females of different ages who live in the exposure paths.

    The scores are not meant to measure the actual risks of getting sick or the actual exposure to toxic chemicals. Instead, they are designed to help screen for polluted areas that may need additional study of potential health problems, EPA said.

    The AP mapped the health-risk scores to the census blocks used during the 2000 population count, using a method developed in consultation with the EPA. The news service then compared racial and socio-economic makeup with risk scores in the top 5 percent to the population elsewhere.

    Similar analyses were done in each state, comparing the 10 percent of neighborhoods with the highest risk scores to the rest in the state.

    To match the 2000 Census data, the AP used health-risk scores calculated from industrial air pollution reports that companies filed for EPA's 2000 Toxic Release Inventory. It often takes several years for the EPA to learn of and correct inaccurate reports from factories, and the 2000 data were more complete than data from more recent reports.

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  • Source: The Grand Rapids Press