Based on the research on the 13th Five-Year Plan and National Natural Science Foundation’s Policy Research of Chinese Economic and Social Development During the 13th Five-Year, experts like Mr. Wu Shunze, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Ministry of Environmental Protection, believed that China would face eight major challenges during 13th five years: first, large pressure of industrialization and urbanization on the environment; second, arduous tasks like economic transformation and restructuring; third, regional disparity and environmental issues; fourth, severe pollution and environmental risks; fifth, difficulties of improving the environment; sixth, stronger need of accelerating environmental improvement; seventh, difficulties of coordinating environmental protection; eighth, domestic and international environmental issues.